Removing blackheads – Which remedies really help?

How do blackheads develop?

Blackheads form when pores become clogged and sebum can no longer drain away. This can be caused by keratinization, blockages, or simply small skin flakes.

A key factor in whether someone is prone to blackheads is sebum production. Increased sebum production makes clogged pores much more likely. There can be various reasons for increased sebum production, including hormones, an unhealthy diet, unsuitable skincare products, and, of course, skin type. Oily and combination skin are particularly prone to blackheads. In most cases, blackheads are primarily hormonally related. For women, blemishes are a significant issue during periods of hormonal fluctuation, such as puberty, pregnancy, and menopause. However, blemishes are also common during the normal menstrual cycle.

Blackheads occur primarily in the T-zone of the face (forehead, nose, chin) because this area has a particularly high concentration of large sebaceous glands. This is because this part of the face is more exposed to the elements and therefore needs extra protection. However, blackheads can also potentially develop on the neck, chest, armpits, arms, back, and even hips.

The black color of most blackheads, by the way, has nothing to do with poor hygiene or anything like that, but is a simple oxidation reaction. Sebum is normally light in color. When it comes into contact with oxygen, it reacts and darkens.

Distinguishing between blackheads and pimples

Blackheads usually appear as black dots on the skin. However, there are also whiteheads. Therefore, a distinction is made between whiteheads and blackheads. The latter develop when the pore is clogged but still open enough to secrete sebum. This sebum then oxidizes upon contact with oxygen, turning black. Whiteheads are closed comedones. In their case, the sebum is located under a thin layer of skin. This prevents it from oxidizing, and it retains its light color. It's important to distinguish these two forms from pimples. Pimples develop when pores are not just partially, but completely clogged, and are therefore often accompanied by swelling and redness. If a whitehead is left untreated, it can, for example, turn into a pimple.

What can you do about blackheads?

Almost everyone would love a way to permanently remove blackheads. With the right skincare routine, blackheads can be significantly reduced in the long term. However, since the tendency to develop blackheads is determined by genes and hormones, promises of complete removal of these blemishes are unfortunately just a myth. Permanent solutions that last forever, or any other miracle cures or panaceas, simply don't exist. But with three easy steps, you can even get deep-seated blackheads under control so they're barely noticeable.

First and foremost, daily cleansing is essential. The cleanser should be tailored to your skin type. The second component is exfoliation with BHA (salicylic acid) . Finally, you should establish a skincare routine that reduces excessive sebum production and restores your skin's balance. Regular use of the right products can lead to clearer skin and largely eliminate blemishes in the long run.

Below you'll find our recommendations for facial cleansers, scrubs, and suitable skincare. By the way, when treating blackheads, it doesn't matter whether you're more prone to blackheads or whiteheads; you can treat both in the same way.

cleaning

Regular cleansing is the first important step towards clearer skin and getting rid of blackheads. Ideally, you should cleanse your face completely once in the morning and once in the evening. In the morning, this washes away any bacteria and lint from your bedding, as well as the oils that your skin naturally produces overnight. In the evening, the cleanser removes sebum, as well as environmental buildup and dirt, and any makeup or sunscreen. It's perfectly normal for so much to accumulate on our skin throughout the day and night, and nothing to worry about. That's what cleansers are for.

You should choose your facial cleanser according to your skin type , as each skin type has different needs. You should also consider your skin's condition; for example, for particularly sensitive skin, it might be beneficial to cleanse only once a day or to use plain water instead of a cleansing product. If you have oily skin, it's best to avoid using drying products. The skin then tries to compensate for the loss of moisture by producing more sebum.Cleansers containing BHA are particularly effective against blackheads. Furthermore, when cleansing your face, it's important not to rub your skin too hard to avoid unnecessary irritation. Afterwards, pat your face dry with a towel instead of rubbing.

Daily cleansing with a cleanser of your choice can make a big difference and lead to a better complexion. It also has the advantage of allowing subsequent skincare products to be absorbed more effectively.

Occasionally, you can supplement your cleansing routine with a clarifying face mask. This offers a more intensive cleanse but can also be more demanding on the skin. Therefore, how often you want to use a mask is a very individual decision. Some people like to use masks daily, while for others once a week is sufficient. It's advisable to initially follow the recommendations on the product packaging and then increase the frequency of use as needed.

Popular ingredients in clarifying face masks include BHA, as well as activated charcoal and clay. However, it's especially important to moisturize the skin after using clay masks. A hydrating day cream, a serum with hyaluronic acid, or even aloe vera work particularly well for this.

For combination and oily skin, we particularly recommend our Purifying Gel Cleanser with 2% BHA. For dry skin, our Hydrating Cream Cleanser is ideal. Our BHA Mask, also containing salicylic acid and activated charcoal, is perfect if you'd like to add a face mask to your cleansing routine.

Peelings

You should also regularly exfoliate your skin. This removes dead skin cells that would otherwise clog your pores.

When it comes toexfoliation , it's important to distinguish between chemical (called exfoliants) and mechanical (also known as scrubs). Chemical exfoliants are usually liquid acid peels that aren't rinsed off after application. The acids themselves are, of course, not harmful to the skin; rather, they support its natural protective barrier. Mechanical scrubs often contain small granules designed to help remove dead skin cells and are rinsed off. The disadvantage of scrubs is that these granules can irritate the skin, and the products often only work on the surface. Chemical peels, on the other hand, can penetrate deeper into the pores. Generally, they are therefore better suited for removing deep-seated blackheads. However, those who enjoy using scrubs don't have to forgo them entirely. It's perfectly acceptable to use both mechanical and chemical peels, just not together. Incidentally, the smaller the granules in a scrub, the less likely they are to damage the skin.

Regarding the frequency of use, this also varies greatly from person to person when it comes to scrubs. Since scrubs can have a very intense effect, it's particularly advisable to introduce them gradually into your routine, starting with one application per week. You can always increase the frequency later. If you're using both chemical and mechanical scrubs, the scrubs should always be used slightly less often than the exfoliants.

For blackheads, exfoliants containing salicylic acid (BHA), such as our 2% BHA peel, are particularly effective. Those with sensitive skin should opt for products containing polyhydroxy acids (PHAs), as these achieve a similar effect but are gentler. Our Exfoliate Booster, with its combination of alpha hydroxy acids and salicylic acid, also offers a more tolerable alternative to products containing 2% BHA. Activated charcoal is another helpful ingredient in exfoliants.

Proper care

In addition to cleansers and scrubs, you need other products to care for blemished skin. Since regulating sebum production is essential for getting rid of existing blackheads and preventing new ones, creams shouldn't be too greasy. Generally, you should make sure that cosmetics are classified as "non-comedogenic."

It's advisable to stick to products from the same skincare line. These are usually formulated to work well together, as well as to address specific skin types and concerns. The products should definitely regulate sebum production and be oil-free, while also having a soothing, moisturizing, and anti-inflammatory effect.

Moisture is a key factor when dealing with blackheads. Since high sebum production often compensates for insufficient moisture, moisturizing skincare products can be very helpful. Hyaluronic acid, glycerin, and aloe vera are particularly effective active ingredients. Our favorite moisturizers are the Aloe Vera Spray , the Hyaluronic Acid Booster , and the Calming Moisturizer . Simply spray the Aloe Vera Spray onto your skin as a moisturizing toner, pat the Hyaluronic Acid Booster into your still-damp skin, and after a short break, use the Calming Moisturizer to seal in all the active ingredients.

Another suitable addition to your routine is a product containing niacinamide, such as our Niacinamide Booster . This active ingredient is a true all-rounder, especially for blemished skin. It also counteracts increased sebum production and thus reduces impurities like blackheads. Its anti-inflammatory effect is helpful against existing blemishes. Furthermore, niacinamides are antioxidants. This means they help prevent blackheads caused by sebum oxidation. Finally, they also refine the pore structure.

In addition, there are also targeted products that you can apply directly to active blackheads to get rid of them. Our Spot and Discoloration Treatment is perfect for this.

Home remedies and DIY

There are numerous suggestions, ideas, and recipes for home remedies and DIY masks/scrubs online. Masks made from various combinations of ingredients such as honey, egg, lemon juice, natural yogurt, and salt are recommended, and scrubs made from lemon juice and sugar are also popular. A steam bath with chamomile or simply a warm, damp cloth on the face can also help, as the heat opens the pores, allowing sebum to drain more easily. Other home remedies for removing blackheads include tea tree oil, healing clay, zinc ointment, baking soda, salicylic acid, salt water, coffee grounds, and toothpaste.

Of course, none of these home remedies are cosmetics specifically formulated for particular skin types and conditions. Therefore, it's difficult to predict whether they're suitable for you and your skin. If you want to try home remedies, it's best to pay attention to how your skin feels and whether the application feels pleasant and healthy. If you're unsure, it's better to use products from skincare brands that indicate which skin type they're intended for.

Removal with aids

We strongly advise against squeezing or removing blackheads yourself. Squeezing and pressing them with your fingers will only make the problem worse. Similarly, this, like using needles, invites more bacteria, which can then lead to further inflammation. At the very least, such procedures must be preceded by thorough cleaning and disinfection. It's better, however, to leave the blemishes to a professional; that is, to visit an experienced esthetician or beautician. Even the popular comedone extractors should ideally be used by a professional.

Other aids that offer a short-term solution include special plasters and so-called pore vacuums, which temporarily remove blackheads. However, these are only useful if you urgently need a quick fix, as they address the problem (the blackhead) rather than the underlying cause (increased sebum production and clogged pores). Long-term results can only be achieved with regular cleansing and the right routine. While it may take longer to see a visible improvement, the results will then last longer.

Facial brushes can also be an effective tool. They can cleanse the pores and simultaneously massage the skin, thus promoting better blood circulation.

Tips for preventing further blackheads

There are several ways to prevent the formation of further blackheads.

When grooming yourself, you should pay attention to the following:

• Avoid using overly rich creams, as these can clog pores more easily. Opt instead for lighter textures.
  
• Less is often more. Don't over-care for your skin; use creams sparingly to protect the skin's acid mantle and barrier function.
  
• Don't use scrubs and peels too often. Vigorous rubbing with a towel is also not good for your facial skin.
  
• Use makeup sparingly.
  
• When choosing makeup, make sure it's non-comedogenic. Opt for powder foundation instead of liquid.
  
• Avoid irritating ingredients and aggressive active substances.

Hygiene is also essential. Here's what you can pay attention to:

• Even though it's difficult, you should break the habit of touching your face with your hands. Such natural gestures can unfortunately very easily transmit bacteria.
• Change and wash your pillowcases regularly to prevent the accumulation of bacteria.
• Use a separate towel for your face and change it after a few days at the latest.
• Makeup tools can also become a breeding ground. Clean brushes and powder puffs frequently.
  
  

Finally, lifestyle is also reflected in the appearance of your skin. Sufficient exercise and a healthy diet generally improve your metabolism and, consequently, the appearance of your skin. Your diet should ideally be rich in zinc, as zinc also helps fight blackheads.

While miracles don't exist, daily facial cleansing, the right skincare routine, and a few hygiene rules can significantly change your complexion.